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Semiconductor refrigeration is a cooling device composed of semiconductors, which appeared around 1960, as a device cooled by semiconductors, reducing refrigerant pollution and improving refrigeration efficiency, but it has not been widely used, which is why?
Although the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is called the refrigeration sheet, its application is not only refrigeration, but also heating, and the specific advantages are obvious:
1, do not need any refrigerant, can work continuously, no pollution source no rotating parts, will not produce rotation effect, no sliding parts is a solid piece, no vibration, noise, long life, easy installation.
2, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet has two functions, both cooling and heating, the refrigeration efficiency is generally not high, but the heating efficiency is very high, always greater than 1. Therefore, the use of a single piece can replace the separate heating system and cooling system.
3, semiconductor refrigeration sheet is the current energy exchange type pieces, through the input current control, can achieve high precision temperature control, coupled with temperature detection and control means, it is easy to achieve remote control, program control, computer control, easy to form an automatic control system.
4, the thermal inertia of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is very small, the cooling and heating time is very fast, in the case of good heat dissipation at the hot end of the cold end, the power is less than one minute, the refrigeration sheet can reach the maximum temperature difference.
5, the reverse use of semiconductor refrigeration is temperature difference power generation, semiconductor refrigeration is generally suitable for low temperature region power generation.
6, the power of a single refrigeration component of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is very small, but combined into a reactor, with the same type of reactor series, parallel method combined into a refrigeration system, the power can be very large, so the refrigeration power can be a few milliwatts to tens of thousands of watts.
7, the temperature difference range of semiconductor refrigeration sheet, from positive temperature 90℃ to negative temperature 130℃ can be achieved.
The advantages are so many, the disadvantages are also obvious, because the power of a single semiconductor refrigeration sheet is very low, but if the array is used, the heat dissipation requirements will be very large, which is also the reason why the semiconductor refrigeration sheet has been used ceramic substrate, because only the ceramic substrate can meet the heat dissipation needs of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet.
Because of this, the application range of semiconductor refrigeration tablets is very small, at present, the largest application range is the application of computer hardware, with the continuous improvement of computing performance requirements, integration is also constantly improving, then the requirements for heat dissipation are becoming larger and larger. The large heat caused by the increase in frequency has been a problem discussed by many overclocker, from air cooling and water cooling, to compressors, semiconductor refrigeration, and then to crazy liquid nitrogen, dry ice, and exhaust cooling methods. The more common air-cooled radiator and water-cooled because of its low cost and ease of use has become the standard configuration of entry-level overclocking enthusiasts, the disadvantage is that even the best air-cooled or water-cooled, can only control the temperature close to or equal to the ambient temperature. In order to reduce the temperature below zero, enthusiasts choose compressors and semiconductor refrigeration. VapoChill and Mach series compressors can reach the evaporator temperature of -50 ° C through phase change refrigeration, while the three-stage compressor system made by foreign enthusiasts can even reach -196 ° C, which is equivalent to the evaporation temperature of liquid nitrogen. However, due to the high price of the compressor system, it can only be accepted by a very small number of enthusiasts, liquid nitrogen and dry ice may be the ultimate tool used by extreme enthusiasts, and the evaporation/sublimation speed is very fast, which can only bring a short time of extreme efficiency, no practical value, so semiconductor refrigeration becomes the best choice.
And now, not only the choice of enthusiasts, many hardware manufacturers have begun to install semiconductor refrigeration pieces on the hardware.
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